Re: [CR] Silver solder and such

(Example: Framebuilders:Chris Pauley)

Date: Wed, 12 Mar 2003 15:45:41 -0800
From: "Steve Maas" <smaas@nonlintec.com>
To: Sid_Smith@baxter.com
Subject: Re: [CR] Silver solder and such
References: <OFDDBAADCA.092404E4-ON86256CE7.0079CD51-86256CE7.007011AE@deerfield.baxter.com>
cc: classicrendezvous@bikelist.org

Interesting what you can discover with a little research.

My copy of the Brazing Manual, from the American Welding Society, does not even use the term "silver brazing," instead referring to the specific alloy (of which there are many, naturally). Yet, a quick search of the web, reveals quite a number of manufacturers of silver-alloy brazing rod which they call "silver solder." There are also manufacturers of silver-containing solders, having melting points around 600F, which they also call "silver solder." As a purchaser of tons of solder for electrical circuits, I've never heard of a tin-lead electronic solder, which doesn't contain silver, called a "silver solder." But I wouldn't bet even money that it doesn't exist.

You'd think the manufacturers, of all people, would want to reduce the confusion; instead, they perpetuate it.

A couple other interesting tidbits from the AWS book: the silver alloys melt over a much lower range of temperatures than brass (Cu-Zn), mostly around 1200-1400F, although some are higher. There can be a couple hundred degrees between the liquidus and solidus temperatures, although 100F is most common. Brass behaves more like a eutectic, with a much narrower range, and a melting point around 1600F. Overheating brass brazing alloys can create Zn bubbles which can affect joint integrity.

Somewhere I read that the older Columbus tubes were limited in brazing temperatures to about 1300F (sorry if this isn't accurate; going by memory here, always dangerous); obviously, they had to be silver brazed, and there was quite a narrow range between melting the brazing alloy and overheating the joint. (I don't know if this is true of modern tubes.) Perhaps this could shed some light on the earlier discussion of frame cracking after rough use.

Steve Maas
Long Beach, California