I assume it is the quill part of the pedal that is digging in to your foot. Having very wide feet, I can understand your discomfort. I have taken various approaches over the years including filing down the quill if the pedal cage has enough meat, cutting off the outside of the cage and reworking the ends to give the track pedal look or installing track pedals. Maybe try a set of the inexpensive MKS track pedals and see if they do the job for you, definitely cheaper than new shoes or foot reduction surgery, and if they do work try to chase down a pair of track pedals of suitable vintage.
Wider touring type pedals do provide an alternative approach and I have them on one bike, but they reduce cornering clearance quite a bit, which may catch one by surprise depending on application and riding style.
Most of my regularly ridden vintage bikes currently use off-topic pedal systems, they definitely look out of place on a vintage bike, even more so when combined with a pair of garish modern shoes and I won't discuss them further.
Marcus